Financial Performance Evaluation of Tesco free essay sample

This project will mainly focus on the business and financial performance of Tesco plc (a supermarket of UK) from year 2009-2011. Through this report and analysis project, we will know the detail of how the company is running and how well or badly the company performed in last 3 years. This will also help shareholders to realize whether and how their agents performed in their interests. The following main elements are included in Introduction section: * 1. 1 Background and Context -why Tesco: Tesco is the largest food retailer in UK, operating around 2,318 stores worldwide. Tesco operates around 1,878 stores throughout the UK, and also operates stores in the rest of Europe and Asia. Tesco. com is a wholly-owned subsidiary offering a complete online service, including tescodirect. com and tesco. net. The company also offers a range of both online and offline personal finance services. Tesco is headquartered in Hertfordshire, UK. For the year ended 26 February 2011 Tesco PLC achieved revenues that totaled ? 60,931million, an increase of 8. % against the previous year’s revenues that were ? 56365million, compared with UK sale growth 5. 5%. Undoubltly Tesco play a key role in UK supermarket industry as well as in world supermarket industry. Also it is worthwhile to be chosen to be analyzed, to some extent it also can be imitated by other supermarket company, e. g. supermarkets in similar internal and external environment, with Tesco, other supermarkets in developing countries. 1. 2 Scope and Objectives This project will cover 2 aspects of performance of Tesco plc: business and financial performance . Business performance includes the impact of mission statement, vision and strategy, management structure on Tesco plc, SWOT and PESTEL analysis of external environmental of Tesco plc, threshold capabilities and distinctive capabilities analysis towards internal environment, and also value chain ,VRIN analysis. Financial performance mainly focus on all kinds of financial statements, it will be analysed through some key performance indicators (KPIs), such as sale growth percentage, ROCE, profit margins, assets utilizations liquidity indicators: gearing, current ratio etc. 1. 3 Achievements What I have achiveved in this project will be based on the detail information of the target company,especially the annual report of the company over last 3 years (2009-2011). At the same time a comparator will be required to compare the performance with Tesco plc. I choose Morrisons as the comparator, through the comparison, it will help Tesco plc to identify the area which need to be improved and how to improve it. 1. 4 Overview of Dissertation This project will include the following main elements: Research: A survey will be include in this project, based on the current awareness of kinds of people to Tesco plc and Morrisons plc. The primary data will be analyzed in the business performance section, through the survey between these two companies, it will give the evidence to the last main section of this project which is Recommendation Analysis: this is the main body of this project, business and financial performance will be analysed in detail using different business model and financial indicators. Similarly comparison between similar companies is vital in this section, especially the information based on the annual report, which include massive information I needed to strength the evidence of my arguments. Conclusion: 3 elements will be included in this section. Summary, Evaluation and future works. Summarise the past performance of target company, Evaluate the current situation of target company, Recommend what’s future work need to implement to cover the shortage. Recommendations: this will continue the future works in last section, but differently, the recommendation will be specific according to the weaknesses of Tesco plc, it will refer to other companies towards the improvement, other companies which do not have significant market share may did well in the weakness area of Tesco plc, in this situation Tesco will also need to se for reference. The remaining of this project will include the reference list and several appendixs. Research: BUSINESS DESCRIPTION Tesco is one of the largest food retailers in the world, operating around 5380 stores and employing over 492,714 people up to 2011. As well as operating in the UK, it has stores in the rest of Europe, Asia and US.. It al so provides online services through its subsidiary, Tesco. com. Tesco set out a strategy to grow the core business and diversify with new products and services in existing and new markets. Tesco sells approximately 40,000 food products in its superstores, as well as clothing and other non-food lines. It was largely a food retailer and it sets itself the challenge of becoming as strong in non-food as in food. As its business has grown and it offers a wider variety of products to customers. It now aims to be as strong in everything it sells as it is in food. It has followed customers into large expanding markets in the UK – such as financial services, general merchandise and telecoms – and new markets abroad, initially in Europe and Asia and more recently in the United States. As well as convenience produce, many stores have gas stations. The company has become one of Britain’s largest petrol independent retailers. Other retailing services offered in the UK include Tesco Personal Finance. As Tesco grows and diversifies, it is able to offer more jobs and broader roles to people in the communities around our stores, depots and offices. This year it has recruited 21,000 people worldwide. One of its People Promises is that it will provide an opportunity to get on. t promises to support and develop our people so that they are able to advance in their careers Its people do a great job for its customers and it wants them to feel valued and rewarded. It also believes that staff rewards should be competitive, simple and sustainable to build trust and loyalty amongst our employees and assist with hiring and retention. It invest in pay and, in the UK,I t has the highest basic pay rates for customer assistants of any major supermarket. All of its staff move to higher rates of pay within a year of joining its business. It works continually to improve service for its customers. It has trained over 80,000 staff this year in Every Little Helps skills for checkouts, supporting them to deliver helpful, friendly and efficient service. It has also opened over 200 new stores in 2010/11, The company recorded revenues of: ?67. 6bn during the financial year end 2011,increase of 8. 1% over 2010. ?62. 5bn during the financial year end 2010,increase of 6. 8% over 2009. The operating profit of the company was: ?3. 8bn,increase of 11. 3% over 2010. ?3. 4bn increase of 8. 9% over 2009. Its Site Research departments in each country direct the property acquisition strategy by identifying optimal locations for new store developments and extensions. This work is underpinned by advanced spatial analysis and a data-led approach that considers our customers, competitors, local market shares and existing store performance. It has exceeded its target of donating at least 1% of pre-tax profits to charities and good causes. In total, this means that it has donated over ? 64 million this year. We have also raised ? 7. 2 million for our UK Charity of the Year,(CLIC Sargent. Building brands enhances the value of our business by benefiting all of its stakeholders, including customers, staff, communities and shareholders. Being viewed positively by its stakeholders supports the creation of a successful, sustainable and profitable long-term business. Having multiple formats – from large shopping malls to Express convenience stores – allows it to fulfil the full range of shopping missions for customers and flexibility to adapt to different local markets and planning regimes. In some cases it also develops mixed-use projects, combining new retail space with residential development on the same site. This enables us to build a store on a desirable site when otherwise it would not be economically viable. As a retail business, it knows that we can make a real difference in tackling climate change – cutting its own emissions, working with suppliers and helping customers to cut their carbon footprint. In its UK business,it has led the work on climate change and for the second year running, it has reduced its absolute emissions – this year by 5% despite space growing by 7% as well as significantly reducing emissions from its baseline portfolio of buildings. Analysis Business performance analysis: Several frameworks can be used to analyze the business performance, here I will focus on the SWOT,PESTEL and VALUE CHAIN analysis. SWOT Analysis A strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis of Tesco has been provided below. Strength Tesco has lots of strengths that have make it to be successful UK. They have a simple but effective brand image which plays a key role in development of Tesco plc, also any large operating company should pay attention to it. Using of technology is a strength to Tesco. The internet is used,so customers can buy their products online, which is quick and sufficient. The choice of locations is a big strength. Tesco was launched in the UK in 1924 and has since grown to support over 2,000 stores nationally (Tesco, 2009). They are good at setting stores up in sufficient areas and almost have a store in all major townsand cities in UK.. Drawing upon Datamonitor (2010), Tesco was ranked third largest grocery retail company in the world, running over 4,331 stores primarily within the USA, Europe and Asia. Tesco’s strategy focus on product affordability in orser to ensure that customers get the product within their budget ,at the same the good quality is also maintained. Customer retention strategy have been proven by its loyalty scheme called ‘ Tesco Clubcard’ . Drawing upon DunnHumby (2008), the company collected data using clubcard and these information is used for effective direct marketing and other promotional techniques. Tesco have also expanded into different market and it has been proved successful. Such as food and accessories, mobile phone services insurance, and home ware. Expanding has made them more competitive and because of the customers strong brand loyalty, they may stay with Tesco with the different services they provide. The company holds the largest market share in the grocery market in the UK. Tescos innovation and attitudes towards its emplloyeeshas made it successful The company held 30. 7% share of the UK grocery retail market in 2010 Â  (Euromonitor, 2010) Tesco have cut down on climate change. The year-on year greenhouse emission is 7. 8% 2010,and 7. 7% 2011. Weakness: The main operations of the company are focused on the UK retail sector, it was more than 75% of its revenue during the fiscal year 2009 (Tesco, 2010). This is a weakness because of lack of geographic diversification, it will lead to systemic risks of the UK market. According to Mintel (2010), a number of products were recalled by Tesco in 2009 that has resulted in a financial loss, it also damaged its brand image. . Tesco has heavy competition and has done well compared with Asda. However, due to the current recession. price becomes more and more important to attract consumers. A large number of consumers are switching to hard discounters, such as Lidl and Aldi. Tesco has launched a ‘Discount Brands’ promotion which offers prices similar to hard discounters (Mintel, 2009) Over 80% of European salesare made by UK, if pound weakens against the Euro. Tesco’s European market share will be impacted negatively. The recession is one of Tesco’s main weaknesses as with most businesses in the UK (Mintel,2009). To some extent online shopping is a weakness for Tesco. it is difficult to browse and find products. It is a long and boring task. Opportunities: Analysing Tescos opportunities in the current environment look very promising as Tesco can explore more different and new markets. The number of store is increasing. They opened over 620 new stores in 2009 of which 435 were international (Mintel, 2010). This will help the companyto get economy of scale. Tesco. com is increasingly more popular. Making up over 1 million customers in 2010 (Guardian, 2010), whichcan help the company to attract new customers and reduce the average cost. Global expansion can be evidenced by the entry into the Indian market. This entry strengthened its global market position. A limited franchise agreement has been signed by the largest industrial corporations of India. (Daily Mail, 2010). Tesco has a very well know band image thatis good to Tesco , showing potential growth opportunities is indicated that they are trying to be more awared in Central Europe. Threats: The biggest threats Tesco faced was the recession, because the public will worry more about their money,e. g. how they spend it. This is also why Aldi and Lidl have significant growth over the past year as more customers try to save money by buying at cheaper supermarkets. Another threat is its competitors are using lowest prices to try to attract customers. price is replacing convenience as the key element. In January 2009 Tesco announced growth sales of just 2. 5% which is their lowest among all other major competitors. his may be due to Tesco’s attempt to repel Aldi and Lidl by offering more discount brands. The decline in income and the rise in unemployment have affected the buying behaviour of consumers which has adve rsely impacted the company’s sales. There has been fierce competition in the UK grocery market . Tesco though has been leading this sector for 15 years (Mintel, 2010), but is now faced with intense competition from its competitors which are gaining in market share. including the rest,i. e. , Asda, Sainsbury’s and Morrisons respectively. Another possible threat to Tesco is government intervention, in recent years the government may monitor the operations of large supermarkets. So that they can ensure what’s going on is legal and to stop any individual firm becoming too powerful. PESTEL analysis: PESTEL framework below analyses the dynamic and unpredictable environment in which Tesco operates and how Tesco deal with it. It helps to identify the impact on Tesco’s performance. Political: There is a free trading policy setting by governments to benefit from globalization,especially in Europe. Also, here is the immersion of countries in the European Union (EU ). It promotes trade between countries in different area. This provided Tesco with a platform to expand its retail network across the EU. Because that Tesco has numbers of stores globally, Tescos performance will be influenced by the political and legislation of these countries, including the European Union. According to relevant regulations,Tesco employs lots of student, disabled and elderly people , paying them lower rates. Because of high staff turnover in industry, these employees offer a higher level of loyalty, so they will not abandon their jobs at their pleases. Economical: Tesco plc will pay more attention to this factor, because it will influence demand, costs, prices and profits. High unemployment rate is an important element of economic factor,, which will adversely affect the good demand, therefore it can reduce the productivity of the manufacture. Usually, economic factors are outside the control of the company, but it has a profound impact on performance and the marketing mix. Although international business is still growing, Tesco plc is still highly dependent on the UK market. Therefore,Tesco would be badly affected by any slowdown in the UK food market,so Tesco still need to focus more on UK industry. Another point is that the customers will eat out less and eat more at home which will enable grocery retailers like Tesco to increase their output (Guardian, 2010). It must be noted that food is the last thing that customers will cut back on. The percentage of spending on food has increased over the years, as shown below (Euromonitor, 2010): Soacial: This will focus on the analysis of the UK population, the old population is discouraging food retailers as older people always eat less. Another point need to notice is ageing population would not find online shopping more convenient. All of these will discourage the retailer industry. Customers’ attitude towards food is changing as they have become more health- conscious. More and more people are demanding organic food,reflecting the change in demand. , Tesco has also allow customers to pay in cheques and cash at the checkout first. British customers are moving towards ‘one-stop and ‘bulk shopping, which is due to a variety of social changes . e. g. Tesco have increased kinds of non-food items available for sale. Technological: Technology is a major macro-environmental factor, It influences the development of Tesco products. Technologies can benefit both customers and the company. On one hand, customer satisfaction rises because,it will be more convenient to customers. Tesco stores use the following technologies: Wireless devices Electronic shelf labelline Self check-out machine Mobile technology performed as a platform for distribution within food retailing. Customers can browse and order the goods they require before they buy them. Loyalty programs are being introduced through information technology which discourage customers from switching over to their competitors (Sun, 2009). Online shopping has gained significant popularity due to the increased access to internet in UK. Environmental Environmentally friendly, the government is promoting reducing the packing. Office for National Statistics (2010), the percentage of consumers using reusable bags has risen from 71% to 74% and the number of those trying to cut down the number of plastic bags has risen from 65% to 68%. This helps to reduce the overall cost and it is good for Tesco to maintain corporate social responsibility image. Consumers reusing bags, recycling mobile phones and aluminium cans and preferring bagless deliveries are being rewarded through Tesco’s green Clubcard points (Tesco, 2009; Datamonitor, 2010). That is an important and advocate step in industry. Legislative Factors The performance of Tesco can be influenced by various legislations and laws of the operating country. The presence of competitors with established brands creates a threat, e. g. price wars and product differentiation.

Marketing Communication for Integrated Advertising and Promotion

Question: Discuss about theMarketing Communication for Integrated Advertising and Promotion. Answer: Introduction Woolworths Limited is one of the largest Supermarket retail supermarkets of Australia, which uses various effective modes of marketing in order to communicate with target group of customers. The purpose of this report is to analyse a piece of advertising of Woolworths supermarket which was published in one of the popular newspaper in Australia, The Telegraph on 1st February 2013. This piece of advertising is mainly in print media as it uses attractive graphics and pictorial representation of product description. This piece of advertisement has also been published in online. The report will highlight upon the communication technique processes used in the chosen piece of advertisement. It will also critically analyse the market segmentation and branding strategies used by Woolworths. The process of integrated communication marketing techniques will be described in detail in context of the chosen advertisement piece. Marketing Communication Process Marketing communication process consists of various types of integrated activities, which is aimed to send message to the target group of audience. Well-coordinated promotional program can also be developed with the help of effective Marketing Communication which can help to rise the and among the target group of customers (Chitty et al. 2015). It is important to mention that in the context of the recent times, marketing communication is one of the Essential elements that are used by all large scale company in order to build a healthy relationship with the customers. In the given piece of advertisement, of Woolworths, this is about the Fresh fruits and vegetables that are available in their Store, is aimed for all group of people. There are various element related to the marketing communication process, which includes all groups of people and the stakeholders (Moriaty et al. 2014). In the given case, of the chosen advertisement the target group of audience includes all the people of Australia, who are cautious about their health and likes to have Fresh fruits and vegetables at much lower rates. One of the important aspects of the messages that have been used in this piece of advertisement is that the company has described the price of each product. Along with that the company has also Delhi got a strong corporate social responsible message, which aims to raise the awareness among the people about providing donation, to help the socially backward classes in Australia. The message also contains detailed description of the total amount that has been collected by Woolworths for recovering the social situation of various backward class communities, who has suffered disaster. With the help of this effective communication process, it is possible for the company to reach out to the target group of customers and raise their awareness level above corporate social responsibility. It is also increasing the customer to buy products from their stores in order to contribute the backward classes of the society. Integrated marketing Communication In Integrated Marketing Communication techniques, business organisations use various types of messages that are linked together. This help to promote the image of the organisation and raise the level of brand awareness (Clow and Baack 2014). It is also possible to optimise marketing strategies with the help of Integrated Marketing Communication techniques. In the context of the chosen advertisement piece of Woolworths, it can be said that the prices of various fruits and vegetables have been mentioned along with their nutritional value. This message has been integrated with an important message related to the corporate social responsibility of the company, which includes contributing to the socially backward class. The integrated message of social responsibility encourages the customers of Woolworths to make donation to the local store that will be used for helping the community at various backward sections of Australian society. The integrated communication process also helps the co mpany to build a strong relationship with people of various section of the Australian society, which even includes the Australian farmers. Hence, with the help of integrated communication technique, it is possible for the company to reach out to a wider group of audience and increase the level of their awareness related to the branding and corporate social responsibility. Critical Analysis of Market Segmentation and Brand Positioning The help of brand positioning techniques, it is possible for business organisation to build a sustainable position within the market and raise the level of awareness and when consciousness within the target group of customers (OGuinn et al. 2015). In the given piece of advertisement, the company seeking return level of brand affinity by delivering the message of fresh fruits and vegetables that are available in the Woolworths stores. This technique will help to elevate the brand image, due to the fact that the company is offering fresh fruits and vegetables at low cost. Advertisement can also be compared with various rival brands of Woolworths as they are using aggressive pricing techniques in order to gain competitive advantage. The message that is used in the piece of advertisementis also in for a definite segment of the market. The advertisement is mainly aimed for the people, who are conscious about the pricing and quality of food products they are purchasing. With the help of the corporate social responsibility, which is also a part of this advertisement, the company can target a certain group of people who are concerned about improving the social condition of backward Class Section. Hence, it can be said that, with the help of effective message and graphical representation and attractive font writing, it is possible for Woolworths to elevate the level of brand awareness among the target group of customers. Moreover it is important to mention that the advertisement is name for a larger segment of the Australian consumer, as fruits and vegetables are basic requirements for all groups of people. Conclusion Overall it can be concluded that, in the chosen piece of advertisement of Woolworths that is published in print media it is possible for them to deliver and effective integrated message. This message can ultimately help to deliver effectiveness and raise the level of brand consciousness among the target group of customers. Reference Chitty, W, Luck, E, Barker, N, Valos, M and Shimp, TA 2015, Integrated marketing communications, 4th ed, Cengage Learning, Melbourne. Clow, K and Baack, D 2014, Integrated advertising, promotion, and marketing communications, 6th ed, Pearson Education, London. Moriaty, S, Mitchell, N, Wells, W and Brennan, L, 2014, Advertising: Principles and Practice, Australasian 3rd ed, Pearson Education, Sydney. OGuinn, T, Allen, C, Semenik, R and Scheinbaum, A, 2015, Advertising and integrated brand promotion, 7th ed, South Western Cengage, Mason, OH.

Countries Different Responses Accepting †Myassignmnthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Countries Have Different Responses Towards Accepting? Answer: Introducation According to the UNHCR statistics the globally displaced population by the year end 2015 was found to be 65.3 million and this was the highest number recorded after the World War II. Refugees can be defined as per UNHCR standards as the individuals that include the people recognized under the 1951 Convention connecting with the Status of Refugees, (UNHCR, 2016) the people who flee conflict or persecution (European Stability Initiative, 2017). With this rapid rise in refugee population this essay will analyse how different nations respond to accounting or stopping refugees from entering their country and the reasons for doing so. Refugees offer economic boost to the host nations as mentioned by well-known economist Jeffery Sachs. He says that refugees have positive impact as the people leave desperate situations and find better economic conditions. Like in case of US it gains when refugees arrive, as they add on to the skill base and the labour market (Casteel Cheng, 2017). In a city like Utica the educated refugees are turning out to be active members in the labour force and the city likes these educated refugees as they have stopped the economic decline of the city (Solman, 2016). In case of Kenya the refugees are considered to be an active force for the Kenyan economy. Both the goods as well as the livestock markets in Kakuma along with the Dabaab refugee camps stand out as the largest as well as the most vibrant economic ecosystems across the region Kenya or any other nations adopts refugee friendly policies because they think that refugees acts as empoweredeconomic actors by making bigger contributions to local as well as national marketplaces along with the economies. They also help in creation of better jobs while increasing the productivity as well as wages of the local workers stimulate both international trade as well as investments; boost growth, innovation as well as enterprise and enhance the capital returns (LeGRAIN, 2016). Germany welcomes refugees due to demographics as it has rapidly aging people so they welcome foreigners so that it can ease the fast decline in population. On the other hand Sweden government has taken the largest influx of refugees in Europe although its population is not decreasing. Britain on the other hand shows reluctance in attracting foreigners or refugees as it will be Europes most populated country by 2060 because of immigration along with higher fertility rates (Noack, 2015). Britain is reluctant because it fears economic competition and it is concerned about accumulation of large number of foreign born migrants. ON the other hand France is also cautious about refugees settling in the country as there is persistent rift within the society. The country is constantly on high alert due to series of terror attacks and there is a rift between the growing immigrant population and the white majority in France. Hungary although showing a demographic decline of 5.8% announced that i t will accept only Christian refugees and no Muslims (Kingsley, 2015) . Refugees are good in terms of host nations security as stated in the article the refugees in US undermine the recruitments done by ISIS. Accepting the refugees is very nice action that US can take as a humanitarian standpoint and it will also be good for Americas security. By accepting the refugees it will deprive the ISIS from the human resources as the group many relies on population that is being exploited by them. Moreover it has been seen that the refugees counter the ISIS propaganda regarding the United States. Thus if US accepts the refugees with open arms it will straight away undermine the strategy adopted by ISIS. Moreover by accepting the Syrian refugees the US can easily gain access to the valuable intelligence against the ISIS (Bier, 2016). The Report Front Struggle to Resilience: The Economic Impact of Refugees in America indicates the entrepreneurship rate of refugees outshines that of the immigrants and they contribute in quite meaningful manner to the economy both as taxpayers as well as earners (New American Economy, 2017). Some of the countries refuse to take the refugees as they consider them to be the liabilities for the economy, whereas some of the nations like Germany accept refugees as they consider them to be an opportunity that will help in economic growth. Some countries like Germany think that by accepting refugees they will bring economic gain as it is undergoing severe demographic issues like shirking population and issues like aging. Therefore immigrants will help Germany to fill up the working age population as well as help in stabilising the state pension system with large number of Germans retiring. Moreover refugees also play very crucial role in creation of new jobs. Mostly it is seen that refugees who get displaced in neighbouring countries that are poor have to suffer discrimination as well as disadvantage. The reason being the poor countries have to face bigger challenges in absorbing them like in care of Ethiopia, Nursing , Jordon, Lebanon , Pakistan etc., as the refugees are large in numbers and there is lack of infrastructure in these countries (HAtton, 2015). This study conducted by The New American Economy, comprehensively indicates how the refugees make a major contribution towards the economy of The United States. It gives a better insight into the economic contributions made by the 3.4 million refugees. This analysis of refugees and their arrival in the countries like US, Kenya etc. That instead of acting as drains for the communities, they show higher rate of participation in the form of labour force by refugees. Thus the Syrian refugees will acts as a great help in enhancing the national security for the United States in protecting it against the terrorist groups like ISIS. Thus the above analysis indicates that refugees contribute to a great extent to the economy of the host nation by being an innovator, investors, consumers, taxpayers, workers along with becoming entrepreneurs. References Bier, D. (2016, March 23). Five Reasons Refugees Are Good for U.S. Security. Huffington POst. Casteel, K., Cheng, M. (2017, June 14). Refugees May Be Good For The Economy management. Five Thirty Eight. European Stability Initiative. (2017, JAnuary 30). THE REFUGEE CRISIS THROUGH STATISTICS. Retrieved September 9, 2017, from ESIweb: https://www.esiweb.org/pdf/ESI%20-%20The%20refugee%20crisis%20through%20statistics%20-%2030%20Jan%202017.pdf HAtton, T. (2015, Spetember 13). What impact do refugees have on the countries that welcome them? Business.Com.au. Kingsley, P. (2015, December 9). What caused the refugee crisis? You asked Google here's the answer. The Guardian. LeGRAIN, P. (2016). Welcoming refugees makes good economic sense, too. Retrieved Spetember 9, 2017, from Tradeforum: https://www.tradeforum.org/uploadedFiles/Common/Content/TradeForum/tradeforumissue3.pdf New American Economy. (2017, June 19). From Struggle to Resilience: The Economic Impact of Refugees in America. Retrieved Spetember 9, 2017, from https://www.newamericaneconomy.org/research/from-struggle-to-resilience-the-economic-impact-of-refugees-in-america/ Noack, R. (2015, September 8). This map helps explain why some European countries reject refugees, and others love them. The Washington Post. Solman, P. (2016, April 7). Whats the economic impact of refugees in America? PBS Newshour, pp. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/making-sense/whats-the-economic-impact-of-refugees-in-america/. UNHCR. (2016, June 20). R, Global Trends. Forced Displacement in 2015. Retrieved September 9, 2017

Sympathy For Frankenstein Sample Essay

Sympathy For Frankenstein Sample EssaySympathy for Frankenstein sample essays are available from many sources online. However, as always, be sure to select the right website or source for your essay needs. It is also important to use a template to personalize the essay or sample essay. One of the best ways to get sympathy for Frankenstein sample essays is to apply what you learn in a generic way.Sympathy for Frankenstein sample essays are perfect for this type of essay. The assignment will give you a chance to demonstrate your writing skills and demonstrate how you use formulaic strategies. In order to fully utilize this type of essay, it is important to properly apply the formula in your essay.Just as the formula says, they start off with the basics of human behavior and basic principles of living. There is a significant amount of information about emotions, which is important to the research or reasoning that you are doing. It can help you understand more easily why people act the way they do in certain situations.Sympathy for Frankenstein sample essays work by first covering the basic principles of human psychology. Understanding these psychological concepts and knowing how to use them as a foundation for the rest of the essay is a great way to move onto the next section. In order to do this, you must first understand how they operate.Psychology is all about understanding how people think and their reactions to events and other people. This includes why people make decisions, how they make decisions, and how they react to their decisions. It is very important to learn how to use psychology to fully benefit from the different emotions that go into making a decision. If you do not know how to do this, it is important to choose a resource that provides great information in this area.Next, you will learn the basic concept of emotions. They will help you better understand the ways in which people think and react to situations. In order to fully take advantage of this knowledge, it is important to use this information to your advantage in order to use it to influence other people's behaviors.You can also find a good example in the essay by following a template. This means you use one main idea to break down the different parts of the essay. It will help you gain more confidence in applying the information in your own writing.Sympathy for Frankenstein sample essays are a great way to apply the scientific method to a research project. In order to effectively complete a full project in this manner, you must come up with a great way to use the research you gather and then apply it in your essay. Take the time to properly personalize the assignment and you will be well on your way to creating a masterpiece.

Harem The Power Within Essays - Islam And Women, Imperial Harem

Harem: The Power Within In Muslim societies the social interaction between unrelated men and women is restricted. Traditional house design often allowed the women the inner part of the house which would be off-limits to outsiders. This is the concept of Harem, which literally means a sacred or restricted place. However, in Arabic and Turkish the word Harem is also used as a general name for all the women living in an household. According to Alev L. Croutier the most largest Harem of all times was the Harem of the Ottoman Sultans. He claims that in 16th century there were 600 women in the Ottoman Harem. The origin of the girls brought to the Imperial Harem was very diverse. Because the territories of the Empire was expanded into three continent they were girls from European Countries, Iran, Russia, and North Africa. Most of the girls were brought when they were child. The real source for slaves and concubines brought to the Imperial Palace were the continuos wars. These girls were mostly Christian. Because most wars were made with the Christian countries. Later in 14th century when the Mediterranean piracy started the source for girls and slaves became the north Africa and Caucasian. Besides the girls who were brought as a war prisoner, there were also girls sent to Sultan by the ministers and princes of other countries and states of the Ottoman Empire. Imperial Harem was above all schools. Before being presented to the Sultan, all girls had to learn Arabic, Turkish, literacy, court manners, music and religion. For talented girls Harem also had private teachers coming from other countries. All girls were made Muslim the day they entered the Imperial Palace. A new Arabic or Persian name were giving to them. After that, older women of the Harem were giving these girls the necessary education in case they could see the Sultan one day. If a concubine who saw the Sultan for one time could have the chance to see him again, she became a favorite. Favorites of the Sultan had more chance to marry him. If a girl marries the Sultan and gives birth to a child, then she could guaranty her luxury until the death of her husband. However, the most powerful woman of the Harem and the Empire was the mother of the Sultan. She was also called Valide Sultan which means Mother Sultan. She had a higher income than the Grand Vizier, the vice president, an d often acted as the guardian of the interests of the Sultan and the dynasty. Therefore, the dream of all mothers of princes in the Harem was to be a Mother Sultan (Croutier). ?However, the character of an Oriental Harem has often been set forth incorrectly. While it may contain hundreds of women, a very few of these are the actual consorts of the monarch?(D'Ohsson). A large number are personal servants and entertainers of himself, his mother his consorts, his daughters or his infant sons. Another section consists of those being educated for some personal service. A fourth group, probably the greatest majority, are mere house-servants, who attend to all the domestic labors of the Harem and are seldom promoted to more honorable positions. There is finally, a group of older women who preserve order and peace, teach, and keep accounts. The average age in the Harem was 17. Most female children were married off at five to much older men who couldn't see them alone, until they were 13 and had reached puberty. They were usually married off to leading servants of the Sultan, who were thereby more intimately connected with the imperial household (Altindal 46). In Harem, it was forbidden for the girls to talk or even to see other men than the Sultan. There was only one Sultan -- the rest got turned into eunuchs or killed! Eunuchs were the guardians of the Harem. Although the Sacred Law strongly disapproved the employment of eunuchs, that unfortunate class was thought too useful to be dispensed with entirely. Some were white, brought mainly from the Caucasus region; but the great majority were black brought from Africa. The class deserves mention because several of the important offices of state among the "men

Nathaniel Christian O. Tan Essays - , Term Papers

Nathaniel Christian O. Tan Mr. Ben Josephson Grade 10 English March 26, 2017 Ode to a Skylark: Commentary on the First Five Stanzas In "To a Skylark," Percy Shelley praises a skylark by treating it as if it was a spirit. By doing this, Shelley opens a new world of imagery that would only be usable by combining the two elements of a skylark and a spirit. Doing so also helps set an atmosphere that fits with the somewhat surreal and beautiful imagery. In addition to this, multiple other literary devices are utilized throughout the poem. However t he use of i magery, comparison, and structure are all especially prevalent in the first 5 stanzas of the poem. Shelley describes the skylark as a "blithe Spirit," painting an image of a bird that is free to soar the skies ; this emphasis on freedom is the basis for a lot of the imagery in the poem and helps illustrate the skylark further . This is reflected in the second stanza when he says the skylark " springest " from earth "higher and higher," as if there were no limitations to the skylark's flight. This is further expanded upon directly by associating the skylark with heaven, saying that the Skylark is singing "from Heaven, or near it." In other words, the skylark is even free to fly up to the gates of heaven, ignoring the limitations of our sky and quite possibly, even our imagination. Another subject that is prevalent via imagery is the changing of the skies. The skylark is perceived from multiple skies ranging from "sunken sun(s)" to "pale purple even( ings )," this establishes a sort of permanence and activity from the skylark. Furthermore, the "sunken sun" is al so described with "golden lightning" while the moon is described as a "silver sphere" with "arrows." In addition to painting the scenery, this also leads to an important topic within the subject of comparison . There is a clear contrast between the activities of the skylark during the day and during the night, this is hinted at throughout the poem and is the core principle behind the contrasts found throughout the poem . Firstly, the sun is described with "golden lightning," a piece of imagery that can only be viewed in the aspect of color as there is no literal golden lightning around the sunset. In contrast, the moon is sharply described as a "silver sphere" with "arrows," its use of imagery is more literal as the rays of the moon could really be the arrows of the moon in a sense. The imagery around the moon requires no reliance in color , this reflects how the presence of the skylark is more obvious within the night than within the day. This is reaffirmed in the similarities between the skylark and its depiction as something "Like a star of Heaven, / In the broad day-light." With heaven referring to the freedom of the skylark's operation, the star in broad da ylight references how the presence of stars are not easily discerned within the day while they are relatively easy to spot at night. These comparisons with rather humongous figures further allude to the skylark's power and majesty as a spirit. The size of "To a Skylark" is big when compared to other poems , this quality of scale along with other structural aspects further develop the depiction of the skylark and its relations . This poem is composed of 21 stanzas and utilizes a Quintain pattern. The structure this creates is reminiscent of the "profuse strains of unpremeditated art" described in the first stanza. This also likens the skylark to Shelley as, much like how the skylark creates "art" via chirping, Shelley is also capable of creating art in a similar manner as the skylark (a prime example would be the structure of this poem). Another effect of the structure is the distribution of words per stanza. The first 4 lines of the poem is short while the final line is bigger. This can be interpreted as Shelley's view of the skylark, he is set on the long last line while the skylark transcends him. It attests to how the skylark is

The Concept of Genetic Privacy Essays

The Concept of Genetic Privacy Essays The Concept of Genetic Privacy Paper The Concept of Genetic Privacy Paper Genetic information is unique. It tells not only about an individual, but also about an individuals family. Unlike medical information, genetic information does not change over time. Genetic information is more than health information; it also reveals our heritage and connections to relatives and communities. Where does genetic information belong in our scale of respect for and protection of personal privacy? What level of privacy restrictions, if any, should be put on genetic information? Some genetic information, such as the color of our hair and skin, is obvious and cannot be kept secret. But what about that genetic information which is less apparent to others, such as our risk for developing a health disorder late in life? Who should be able to have access to this information? Privacy rules set limits on who can access genetic information, and how they may do so. The concept of genetic privacy is split into three primary elements: genetic information as private, confidentiality of genetic information, and the possible use of genetic information to discriminate against individuals or groups. The reason why I am dividing genetic privacy into these three elements is because they are the key essentials that can be debated for or against privacy. In this paper, I will discuss the debates for and against genetic privacy. I will present my position on these debates providing my argument against genetic privacy, respond with how someone may reply to the position advocated, and finally conclude with my belief that setting restrictions on genetic privacy is very difficult and impossible with the issue of discrimination while still taking into consideration of the other side of the argument. Genetic information being kept private can be seen as possible or impossible. Without federal laws to protect the privacy of patients and the confidentiality of medical records, efforts to reform the nations health care system will not be completely successful. Laws will protect an individual’s private information and if they did not exist, rights may be violated. How would that benefit the society? Information about genes will most likely be kept in a medical or medical research location. â€Å"In a typical hospital, at least eighty people have access to medical records† (Lebacqz 243). Therefore, if genetic information is included in a person’s medical record, it would mean that a wide range of people would have access to this private information. Privacy of genetic information or of medical records may not be as possible without legal protections. There are very few federal legal protections and unreliable state protections for medical records to protect privacy. Federal restrictions should be placed on the access to all medical records prior to the further improvement of genetic science. By making laws that will define the responsibilities (ethical and legal) of those with justifiable authorization to access personal medical information, privacy will be maintained. Medical and genetic information posses a greater possibility of being kept private because of the already existing promise made by health care providers to ensure doctor/patient confidentiality. If legal protections are made, the privacy of genetic information would be more possible, but could confidentiality exist? Confidentiality is a major debate in genetic privacy. If people are going to adventure through genetic screening, insurance will become a big issue in keeping the genetic information private. Should genetic information be kept confidential and not be shown to insurance companies? If insurance companies are allowed access to this information, many people may not be able to afford it. â€Å"Genetic test results may be used by commercial insurers for the purpose of risk classification and the calibrating of premiums to risk status, especially in connection with the issuance of individual health insurance policies,† (Peters 214). By using this quote, I am backing up my point that people with genetic diseases will automatically be put into risk classification and agents will change them to high-risk which will be unfair to the individuals. As premiums rise to cover the unhealthy clients, fewer and fewer people will be able to afford insurance. These genetic tests may lead to an increase in the number of individuals on high-risk insurance and also contributing to the increase in people who lack insurance. By restricting health insurance and holding genetic information extremely confidential during the growth of genetic research, people will be able to obtain adequate health insurance and will not be deprived of their rights to privacy without regards to their genetic background. Genetic research is expanding in great ways in hopes to perfect society. While these breakthroughs hold great promise for improving medical treatments, they also present the issue of discrimination. Every human being is more than likely carrying at least one flawed gene. So consequently, every man, woman, and child in the world is a potential victim of discrimination. It is unfair to discriminate against someone because of genetic characteristics that do or do not limit his or her abilities. An example based on genetic information would be as follows: if an employer was able to find out anyone’s genetic background, and then avoid hiring workers they believe are likely to take sick leave, resign, or retire early for health reasons. The big issue with this is that the employers are just hypothesizing without giving the benefit of the doubt. Employers should be prohibited from requesting or requiring genetic information. An employee may have the background of a genetic disease and be discriminated against it when they may not even carry the disease. Would that be fair? If employers gain access to this information, many qualified individuals will be left without jobs, which may even turn around and hurt the employer more. By limiting an employer’s ability to see individual employee medical records, discrimination can be lessened, however, not completely avoided. In response to these different viewpoints, my position is fairly easy to understand. Using all of the information that I have read and researched about, I do not think that it is fully possible to restrict all genetic information from being freely available. Genetic information is a difficult aspect to maintain completely private. Medical records are a good example to use as a foundation of my argument. Health insurance companies obtain permission to see medical records. If genetic information is placed on these records, people will have a difficult time getting decent premiums if they have a background of genetic problems in their family. People who have a low income will have a less advantage of getting the best insurance. That is where discrimination evolves into a large predicament. Discrimination will always be a problem. Some restrictions may be made to protect genetic privacy, but not all-genetic information will be kept completely private. Take employment as an example. A person shouldn’t be forced to give permission for employers to see their genetic information. Business and profit rights should not proceed human rights. Every person should have the right to get a good job, regardless of his or her genetic makeup. The choice of publicly displaying a person’s genetic information should be decided by the individual. It should not be used for reason of hiring or raise. If the person is qualified for the job, then he or she should have the right to the job without the issue of discrimination. Privacy and confidentiality may hold a point, but it does not protect people against discrimination. Not all information can be kept private because science will not be able to advance. If scientists and doctors do not share their information, science will not progress. Every new discovery is shared with others and that is how it becomes known and critiqued. Without the advancement of science, we would not be where we are today with genetics. If a person has Huntington’s disease in their genetic background, scientists will research and use that to help them move forward to find a way to help that person and the people of further generations. If there are laws designed to protect genetic test results in an effort to prevent genetic discrimination, it may make it more difficult to gather the sort of data that will help researchers solve genetic problems. Privacy may possibly postpone or stop the advancement of genetics. Someone may respond to my position advocated by saying human rights are very important when it comes to genetics. By making genetic information private, it will be kept from getting into the wrong hands and will not be used to discriminate. Genetic information can be used to discover personal traits of an individuals life. That information can be used to invade a persons private life, to alter a persons sense of self, and family identity. Genomic information can also affect families and ethnic groups that share genetic similarities. If people are truly seeking protection from discrimination by using the principles of confidentiality and privacy, then genetic information can be controlled. The rights of the individual for employment, insurance, and medical care can then be protected. Genetic privacy is a very difficult discussion because of its uniqueness. I have stated my response to genetic privacy, and through all of the research I have done, I still stand on the point that discrimination will always be a problem and human rights will always be violated due to our conventionally corrupt society. Through time, laws and regulations will be revised to protect the human rights, but as genetic privacy grows, privacy will become more and more difficult to be instilled in the health care profession.